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Sound file types: what are they, and what is the difference?

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If you're looking to use, re-create, or edit audio files you lot should be aware of the diverse types, and the differences betwixt them. While most of the best audio editing software (opens in new tab) packages will allow yous to work with nigh common file types, information technology's important to exist enlightened of which ones perform best under specific circumstances. Some are superior for listening and copying, whereas others play nicely with video and are easier to work with in terms of mixing and editing.

If your chosen audio file blazon is in the wrong format for your needs, you lot can always get hold of one of the all-time audio converter software (opens in new tab) programs and suit it. Some are free, and most are piece of cake to use, and then it doesn't take much to get your sound files exactly every bit you need them. Below are the most mutual audio file types, what each 1 ways, and what the chief differences are between them. If you're in any doubt about what type of file yous're working with, the extension volition tell you, and we've included all mutual extension names with each entry.

The best home computers (opens in new tab) will happily recognize all the following file types, and well-nigh will play on all modern smartphones and tablets.

Waveform Audio (.wav)

Waveform Audio (.wav) is a common file format. Created by Microsoft and IBM, WAV was i of the start audio file types developed for the PC. WAV files are defined as lossless, meaning that files are big and consummate; zip has been lost. Professionally recorded CDs are besides a lossless audio source. In contrast, the three sound formats listed below are lossy-redundant and non-auditory data is removed to allow for more compact storage; in essence, some data has been lost. This process of removing data to shrink the file size is called pinch. The 3 file formats beneath must brainstorm with a lossless format (such as a figurer WAV file) then compress it. Most lossy formats boast little or no detectable change in sound quality. But because each compressing format selects the deleteable data differently, converting one compressed file into another lossy format will sometimes result in lower quality audio. Again, e'er start with a WAV file, then compress.

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MPEG-one or ii Audio Layer 3 (.mp3)

MPEG-one or 2 Audio Layer 3 (.mp3) is a common, compressed WAV file. MPEG-ane files are almost i-twelfth the size of WAV files. This is why MP3 players can accommodate hundreds of songs on a tiny chunk of storage space.

Windows Media Audio (.wma) was adult to compete with the MP3 format for Windows Media Thespian. Microsoft claims that the WMA files are compressed iii times more than MP3s withal retain their original sound quality.

Advanced Sound Coding (.aac)

This is the audio file format used by Apple for iTunes and Music, and it's designed to be superior to regular mp3s. AAC compresses improve than mp3, losing less sound quality than its older cousin. The main drawback is that AAC files take a little longer to encode than mp3, so batch sound conversion takes a longer.

Ogg Vorbis (.ogg)

Ogg Vorbis (.ogg) is another compressed source code like to MP3, but similar WMA, more compressed. Ogg Vorbis is also open source (costless to all, unlicensed, no strings fastened). While MP3 compresses data at a constant bit rate, Ogg uses a variable flake rate. To illustrate-if you lot are copying chunks of silence into MP3 format, the pinch bit charge per unit stays the same every bit if you lot were compressing the audio of an entire orchestra. But if you are copying chunks of silence into Ogg, your compression rate volition driblet to nothing. The rate varies with the need.

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Other sound file types

• Musical instrument Digital Interface (.midi) Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.midi) is unremarkably used for estimator keyboards and other estimator-based musical tools. MIDI files contain musical notes, rhythm notation and other data often needed past a composer.
• Audio Interchange File (.aif, .aifc or .aiff.) Audio Interchange File (.aif, .aifc or .aiff.) was adult for the Mac computer to store audio files.
• Lord's day Audio (.au) Lord's day Audio (.au) or Audio/Basic was developed by Sun Microsystems for utilize on UNIX systems.
• Emblaze Sound (.ea) Emblaze Audio (.ea) was created by Geo and offers compression similar to MP3 formats, but its purpose is to be played with a Java applet-a miniature Internet plan. Online greeting cards often use Coffee applet programs for motion and .ea sound files to play music.

• For more than audio content, check our guide to the best audiobook services (opens in new tab)
• For more editing content, here's our guide to the best video editing software (opens in new tab)

Ian has been a journalist for 20 years. He's written for magazines and websites on subjects such as video games, technology, PC hardware, popular (and unpopular) science, gardening and astronomy. In his spare time he has a pet tortoise and grows his own vegetables. He besides has a passion for cameras and photography, and has written for TTR on these subjects.

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